Background/Aims Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) Impact of AERI Temperature and Moisture Retrievals on the Simulation of a Central Plains Severe Convective Weather Event is usually incorporated in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to reduce the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).This study aimed to find optimal ATG doses in patients undergoing human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched allogeneic HSCT.Methods We retrospectively collected medical records from 352 consecutive patients with acute myeloid leukemia (n = 214), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 62), or myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 76) in eight centers of Korea between 2005 and 2015.All patients received busulfan-based conditioning without total body irradiation (TBI) and received stem cells from HLA-mismatched donors.Results In the current study, 5-year overall survival rates of patients receiving low to medium doses of ATG (2.
5 to 7.5 mg/kg) were higher than those receiving other doses of ATG (hazard ratio [HR], 0.528; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.311 to 0.897; p = 0.
018).The incidence rates of extensive chronic GVHD (ecGVHD) after administration of low to medium doses Non-invasive assessment of oxygenation status using the oxygen reserve index in dogs of ATG were lower than those after other doses of ATG (HR, 0.447; 95% CI, 0.224 ton 0.889; p = 0.
022).Conclusions The low to medium doses of ATG may be associated with improving survival outcomes and reducing incidence of ecGVHD without enhancing the chances of relapse in patients with acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing non-TBI-based HLA-mismatched allogeneic HSCT.